VIACALCO® HYDRAULIC BINDERS are made of a mixture of lime and hydraulic compounds,
They are pulverulent materials with hydraulic properties which correspond to the need of improving the physical and mechanical characteristics of the different types of cohesive soils (plasticity index, free swel, humidity reduction, increase of compressive strength), as well as their stabilization.
The range of hydraulic binders (VIACALCO®) comprises several products depending on the CaO content of the composition.
Each type of hydraulic binder is recommended for stabilizing a certain category of soil, as follows:
- VIACALCO® D, - for cohesive soils, with free swell and high and very high plasticity (fat clays, clays, dusty clays)
- VIACALCO® F, VIACALCO® S - for cohesive and low cohesive soils, with medium free swell and medium or low plasticity (clay powders, clay sandy powders, dusty sands, clay sands)
ViaCalco® BINDERS are used in the process of improving and stabilizing the cohesive soils, for the construction of the foundation terrains, the fillings of the earthworks and the shape layer for the following categories of works: civil, industrial, agro-zoo-technical, Ist – Vth class technical roads, highways, railways, ports and airports;
The treatment of the soil with VIACALCO®hydraulic binders is done for:
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Improving soil with low mechanical strength (moisture sensitive, compressible soil etc.)
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Stabilizing the earthworks set up in the enbankment (cut and fill);
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increasing the load-bearing capacity of the road systems’ shape layer.
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consolidation of the ground foundation for the rehabilitation of existing buildings.
The use of the (VIACALCO®) HYDRAULIC BINDERS products shall be carried out in accordance with the recommendations specified in the annexed technical specifications, using the "IN SITU" mixing procedure, observing the following steps:
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Spreading the binder is performed with mechanical equipment (spreaders) on the surface of the soil in the percentage set in the recipe. The forwarding speed and the gear of the distributor are chosen in order to obtain the amount of binder/sqm determined by the recipe;
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Mixing the mixture soil - binder with special tools (mixing equipment, recyclers, pulvimixer) until one obtains a Gf - a degree of granulation of at least 80% (in 95% 95% of the number of measurement points performed according to STAS 10473/2- 86) by passing the mixture through square-hole screens with 8-mm size. The mixing and homogenization is carried out in situ and the soil is crushed over the entire layer thickness. The amount of water required to ensure the optimal compaction humidity is established by the laboratory given the moisture content of the soil, adding it during the mixing procedure by connecting the tank to the recycler, thereby spraying a uniform layer, avoiding local over-moisture;
- Profiling is done by observing the slope and the width provided in the project (bringing to the required profile) using special earthmoving works (autogreder or bulldozer); < > of the profiled mixture - is done by performing a number of passes of the lis compactor and/or shipfoot roller, until a compaction degree according to the standards in force and the specifications for the work is obtained, observing the compaction speed and technology. The number of passes may vary depending on the field conditions, based on the results from the field trial sector performed on site.
- Protection against fast evaporation. Of the water necessary to hydrating the Viacalco binder, by either the immediate application of the next layer or by applying a waterproofing film (bituminous emulsion, paraffin emulsions);
The execution of earthworks from cohesive soils treated with VIACALCO® binders is not performed in rainy periods and with negative atmospheric temperatures.
In case of accidental or long-lasting rain, as well as in case of strong wind, the execution of the stabilized layer with VIACALCO® binder is interrupted. The uncoated layer should be protected against water penetration by coating with polyethylene films or by compacting the surface layer. For eventual over-moisture of the stabilized soil it is necessary to adapt measures for reducing humidity and ensuring compacting.
Frozen soil will not be used for improvement and stabilization works with hydraulic binders and the soil will not be laid over the final layer of the frozen earthwork and/or not it will be covered with snow or ice.